[Expert Solution]: James is a 19-year-old who was brought to…

James is a 19-year-old who was brought to the Emergency Department after collapsing during his soccer match. Upon presentation, James reports ongoing thirst and the repeated need to urinate. He has recently lost 8 kilograms without intending to. He states that he has Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and is on Insulin injection. On examination, he appears dehydrated and is breathless. Vital signs on presentation are: Respiratory rate: 26 breaths/minute Heart rate: 138 beats/minute Blood pressure: 90/60 mmHg Temperature: 36.9oC Urine dipstick was positive for glucose and ketones Blood glucose: 25 mmol/L Blood ketone: 5.6 mmol/L Blood pH: 7.1 James is diagnosed with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). He is commenced on Actrapid insulin continuous infusion, 0.9% Sodium Chloride infusion 1 litre/hour, and Potassium Chloride infusion. the pathophysiological process in DKA leading to clinical manifestations demonstrated by James? demonstrate the effect of pharmacological measures used in this case scenario, in inhibiting the disease process and/or reducing clinical manifestations?