[Solved]: Explain how changes in mean airway pressure affect…

Explain how changes in mean airway pressure affect oxygenation. 5. Identify indications for mechanical ventilation in the perinatal/pediatric patient. 6. State the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing volume-cycled ventilation and pressure-limited ventilation. 7. Identify practitioner-adjusted parameters affecting oxygenation and those affecting ventilation in perinatal/pediatric time-cycled, pressure-limited and pressure control mechanical ventilation. 8. State the complications of mechanical ventilation and how to avoid them. 9. State two ways to identify an air leak from a cuffless endotracheal tube through standard ventilatory monitoring. 10. Troubleshoot and correct a patient-ventilator problem when given a patient scenario. 11. Describe appropriate ventilator, NPPV, or CPAP settings in the following disease states: a. Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) b. Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) c. Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) d. Apnea (with normal lungs) 12. State the indications for weaning the neonatal and pediatric patient and choose an appropriate method. 13. Recommend extubation and appropriate, specific post-extubation settings for oxygen delivery or CPAP for the neonatal and pediatric patient based on ventilator settings and/or patient assessment. 14. Describe proper monitoring of a neonate on nasal CPAP and NPPV. 15. State the objectives and indications for nasal CPAP and NPPV. 16. Discuss the physiologic effects of CPAP and NPPV. 17. Discuss appropriate patient interface devices used to deliver infant and pediatric CPAP and NPPV. 18. Recommend CPAP/NPPV initial mode/settings, modifications, weaning techniques, and discontinuance when given necessary patient data. 19. Identify hazards and contraindications of CPAP/NPPV. 20. Recommend the use of nasal CPAP and NPPV by identifying appropriate signs of respiratory distress and assessing blood gas results. 21. State the indications for prophylactic and therapeutic surfactant replacement therapy. 22. Describe surfactant administration techniques and the associated procedural adverse effects. 23. State the physiological adverse effects of surfactant replacement therapy. 24. Describe potential changes in oxygenation and lung compliance following surfactant administration and subsequent ventilator modifications that are necessary as a result. 25. Recommend a corrective action to a patient problem when given a surfactant administration scenario. 26. Explain the potential hazards of administering aerosol medication via standard small volume nebulizer to the mechanically ventilated neonatal patient and how vibrating mesh nebulizers can reduce them.