[Verified Answer]: The nurse is caring for a 62-year old…

The nurse is caring for a 62-year old African American male who is in the hospital for a sickle cell crisis. The patient has a past medical history of CKD stage 4 and alcohol abuse. The patient has 0.9% sodium chloride infusing at 100 mLs/hr through a right arm 18 gauge IV. The patient’s pain level is rated 9/10 and is widely distributed. He states the pain is constant, sharp and gnawing. Nothing makes it better or worse. What pain medication(s) from the patient’s medication record would be best to manage this acute, episodic pain? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.